Churn



s. B. Howl).l

Ch'urn. Y No.' 4,887. Patented Dec. 12, 1846.

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F/Gl.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

sAML. B. Howl), or ARCADIA, NEW YORK.

CHURN.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 4,887, dated December 12, 1846.

To all 'whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL B. HowD, of the town of Arcadia, county of Wayne, and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Churn; and I do hereby declare thatv the following is a full and exact description of the construction and operation ofthe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification.

The nature of my invention consists inconstructing a churn having a rotary dasher which draws the milk .and cream in at its end and expels it at vits periphery against stationary breakers fixed at the inner circumference of the tub in which it revolves. I take a tub of any convenient shape and size, say a common wash tub'or water pail or if the quantity to be churned is large then a larger tub made for the purpose in the usual way of making hooped tubs, and at the inner circumference thereof I fix any convenient number of stationary ybreakers a a a a Figure 4 of any convenient shape. These breakers rest on the bottom of the tub and may extend upward to the cover and may be fastened to the side of the'tub by' screws driven from the outside or they may be steadied and kept in place byy attachment to a hoop or hoops and thus be removed for convenience in cleaning. Within the tub above described is placed the dasher thus made.

To a vertical shaft A Fig. 2 at a point just below the cover of the tub is attached a disk at right angles to the axis of the shaft as at B Fig. 2 of such diameter as will revolve within a fourth or half of an inch of the breakers. To the under side of this disk are fastened at one of their ends four or more curved or straight paddles or wings, .b bl b Fig. 2, the outer edges of which extend to the periphery of the disk and the inner edges to a point half way between the periphery and center of the disk. The other end of these paddles is fastened to a rim E Fig. 2, the diameter of which is equal to that of the disk and the width of which is equal to half its semidiameter thus leaving an orice in it around the shaft through which the milk and cream is drawn equal in extent across to the semidiameter of the disk. The

relative length of the part of the shaft below the disk and of the paddles is such as to allow the rim to revolve two or more inches fromthe bottom of the tub so as to afford space for the milk and cream to pass freely under the rim to the orifice in it. The outer and inner edges of these paddles are located in planes coinciding with tangents to the circle bounding the orifice in the rim, m'cZe Fig. 2. The foot of the dasher shaft is stepped in the center of the tub on a common step, d Figs. 3 and 4 and passes upward through the center of the cover that'closes the tub at the top, F Fig. 1.

For the purpose of turning the dasher a crank is attached to the dasher shaft at the upper end above the-cover, f Fig. l. And if greater velocity is required than can be given by the crank attached directly to the shaft as is most frequently the case, a common spur wheel and pinion may be applied, the pinion being attached to the shaft of the dasherand the spur wheel to a horizontal shaft to which the power is communicated by crank or otherwise. ated the dasher should be turned in the direction in which the inner edges of the paddles point. `This will draw the milk and cream up through the orifice in the rim and throw it from between the paddles off tang'entially on every side against the breakers, as by reference to drawings will more fully appear.

Fig. l in the accompanying drawings is a perspective view of the whole churn when put together. t

F is the upper end of the dasher shaft, f is the crank by which the dasher is turned.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the dasher when out of the tub and laid in a horizontal position.

A is the shaft.

B is the disk to which the upper ends of the paddles are attached. E isthe rim to which the lower ends of the paddles are fastened and in which is the orifice through which the milk and cream is drawn.

b b b are the paddles. s.

Fig. 3 isa viewof the bottom of the tub, the step and a cross section of the breakers; g g g cross sections of the breakers.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a part of When oper- Y ers fixed at the inner circumference of the 10 tub in Which itV revolves in the form and manner and for the purpose of the foregoing specification set forth.

SAMUEL B. HOWD.

Witnesses STEPHEN CULVER, ARTEMAS DOANE.. 

